Michigan University where I earned my Masters of Science in Orthotics and . View hours, services and more. At present, employment in the field is close to 100%, and there is increasing need for our services. If you are registering for a second residency, you do not have to submit a new transcript. In its 80-year existence, the department has been recognized as a pillar of strength for this institution has been instrumental in the development of the Orthopaedic Department on the whole. Ypsilanti, MI, USA 48197 | 734.487.1849 | Contacts, Non-Discrimination Statement | Report a Title IX Incident | Report Ethics or Compliance Violation, Policies | Careers | Accessibility | Privacy Statement | Annual Security Report | Copyright 2023Edit. To schedule an appointment, call 734-615-8899. Job specializations: Doctor/Physician. Eastern believes the best way to learn O&P is hands-on. Utilizes various mechanical and electrical equipment, and prosthetic and orthotic devices. Peer-Reviewed Publications. Several states also require licensureto practice. Follow signs to Patient/Visitor Parking in the Fletcher Parking Structure. Each device requires multiple steps during the fabrication process from casting to completion including, laminating fiberglass, carbon fiber, or thermoforming various foams and plastics. Kinsey Herrin received her Bachelor's degree in chemistry from the University of Georgia and her Master's degree in prosthetics and orthotics at the Georgia Institute of Technology. Hit enter to expand a main menu option (Health, Benefits, etc). Free parking and easy access to the facility is available. All four began their residencies in August. Heidi Truman, CPO Residency DirectorHeidi.Truman@ucsf.edu400 Parnassus Ave, Rm A096 San Francisco CA 94143Office 415.476.1788, 2023 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery. The resident is a full-time UMMC employee and receives a salary and benefits package. The orthotic, prosthetic and pedorthic profession (often referred to as O&P) is a constantly evolving profession with a strong theoretical and evidence base that benefit patients of all ages with a wide range of acute and chonic conditions affecting quality-of-life, community participation and mobility. The UT Southwestern School of Health Professions Prosthetics-Orthotics Program offers one-year residency programs in prosthetics or orthotics that meet the standards of the National Commission of Orthotic and Prosthetic Education. Innovative, analytical, and patient-centered, this field is a unique blend of science, technology, and clinical care. They embody our core values of Integrity, Commitment, Advocacy, Respect, and Excellence (I CARE). Orthotics and Prosthetics Center 2850 S. Industrial Hwy. The Orthotic and Prosthetic Center at UCSF has proven itself on a continual basis as a leader in O&P care, education, research and development. Application materials should include the following: Letter of interest that included the applicant's goals for residency, Two letters of reference (those can be sent by the reference directly to our program or the letters can be included by applicants with their application materials). The selected individuals will be notified of their selection and then they will start the University of Mississippi screening and application process. Small class sizes: cohort size of 24, with 12 students in clinical and lab classes. Transcripts are not official if opened by the resident. The Orthotics & Prosthetics Lab fabricates custom braces orthotics and limbs prosthetics for patients referred to our facility. Residency completion is required for certification examination eligibility. | HIPAA Statement. Prospect, IL Medical School: Western Michigan University, 2018. The program begins annually mid-to-late June on the VAPOR universal start date. The program is rich in history and has played a prominent role in the development of orthopaedic surgery in the United States. Initial offers will be made on February 1. Cohorts of 10 students are admitted once annually to begin a sequence of five semesters (Fall-Spring-Summer-Fall-Spring), at full-time enrollment. Call Horizon Behavioral Health to help you navigate the support you need at 1-800-626-2212 (TTY 711), 24/7.. The Northwestern University Prosthetics-Orthotics Center's (NUPOC) Master of Prosthetics and Orthotics (MPO) is a competitive, 21-month postgraduate degree offering clinically focused education in a research-rich environment within the Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation.Our curriculum prepares students to become proficient, compassionate P&O clinicians, serve persons with . Learn more about the O & P program including our program of study. The Lead Resident serves as a voice for residents with leadership, in meetings, when concerns arise, and when leadership needs to share announcements with residents. The commitment that our house staff demonstrates, not just to our patients and the O&P profession, but also to our residents is what sets this program apart. ORTHODONTIC FACULTY PRACTICE All applications will be screened, and invitations to interview will be extended on the AOA CORD Universal Offer Date. The University of Michigan Orthotics and Prosthetics Center is a large multi-disciplinary clinic dedicated to providing high quality orthotic, prosthetic, and pedorthic services for adults and children. Residents will be scheduled for UMMC/SHRP orientation and given a start date in July. Selection is not based on race, ethnicity, sex, religion, creed, national origin, age, sexual orientation or physical disability. Parking Information, 2500 North State Street The clinical experience is only part of the story. (601) 984-5153. VA clinicians typically dont take call during nights or weekends and residents focus is on learning instead of billing. This multi-center program affords our residents a well-rounded training experience that is filled with a broadly based and diverse patient population. Completion of the program prepares you for an 18-month combined or one year per discipline residency. Patient Appointments: 888-815-2005, Orthotics and Prosthetics Residency Program, Health Informatics and Information Management, Community Engagement and Service Learning, Certification and Professional Licensures, Orthotics and Prosthetics Residency Programs, National Commission of Orthotic and Prosthetic Education', Intellectual Property and Commercialization Office, Clinical observation and technical assistance, Inpatient care at a University trauma center, CARF-accredited rehabilitation hospital, and pediatric hospital, The STARscanner Laser Data Acquisition System, Upper and lower extremity microprocessor systems, Educational offerings and learning experiences throughUMMC, Collaborative practice with physicians, physical therapists, occupational therapists, speech/language pathologists, nurses and all other members of the health care team, Graduate from a CAAHEP accredited O&P university program, Orthotic and Prosthetic (O&P) residents must satisfy the orthotic-prosthetic educational qualifications as outlined in the. Closed now. Patient Appointments: 888-815-2005, About Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Residency Program Home, Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Educational Programs, Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Research Home, Orthopaedic Residency Program Research Productivity Rank List, Intellectual Property and Commercialization Office, Three Electronic Standardized Letters of Recommendation (eSLOR). to the residency program. The UM Orthotics and Prosthetics Center (UMOPC) is among the few institutional facilities in the country that offer comprehensive orthotic and prosthetic services to clients, including: Please call 734-973-2400 with any questions or to arrange an appointment. A Welcome from the Directors; Program Overview; Aims Statement . mechanical and biomedical engineering from Tufts University and a master of Admission into the program is offered to those who hold a bachelor's degree, have completed the prerequisite . The Lead Resident also organizes study group and monthly educational meetings. The experience gained from a VA residency is certainly beneficial to any applicant who would apply to a permanent VA position and is valued by hiring managers. Students perform short clinical rotations during each semester, then perform 2-4 extended rotations during the summer between the first and second year of the program. UCSF provides residents with unique opportunities for learning in an academic hospital setting. Courses are taught by tenure track faculty whose primary responsibility is teaching. The UM Orthotics and Prosthetics Center (UMOPC) is among the few institutional facilities in the country that offer comprehensive orthotic and prosthetic services to clients, including: Consultation, evaluation, design, fabrication and fitting of orthotic and prosthetic devices Custom design of orthotic and prosthetic devices Additionally, due to time constraints it may be difficult for a resident to see a research project from start to finish. Candidates are eligible to sit for certification examination following the residency. Several states also require licensurebefore allowing independent practice. The perfect VA resident is comfortable working both independently and as a part of a collaborative team with diverse backgrounds. Jessica Smith-Armstrong received a Bachelors degree in biochemistry and biology from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. (Remote in 2021 due to COVID safety concerns). VAPOR residents are trained at 11 VA medical centers across 9 states in some of the most desirable locations in the country. Medical Doctor. orthotics and prosthetics. She holds a bachelor of science in mechanical and biomedical engineering . VA pays for NCOPE residency registration fees and typically funds resident travel to the American Academy of Orthotists & Prosthetists Annual Meeting & Scientific Symposium and the preceding VA Breakout Meeting. Application materials should include the following: Application materials can be mailed and/or emailed to the following: UMMC offers equal opportunity in education and employment, M/F/D/V. The program does not have an online . Applications must be submitted using OPRESCAS as required by NCOPE. Ann Arbor, MI 48109. Find out about O&P student activities, read our newsletter and learn about our upcoming events. The level of autonomy will increase throughout the length of each rotation. This multidisciplinary team will work together with you to formulate and implement the best treatment plan according to your goals, activity level and lifestyle. Interviews will be held in February. NCOPE is responsible for accrediting orthotic, prosthetic and pedorthic education programs including the clinical residency. I also wanted to be able to practice based on what is in the best interest of the patient. At the end of 19 months, successful students receive a Master of Prosthetics-Orthotics degree and go directly into residency training. Justin is an ABC-certified prosthetist/orthotist in Southwest Arizona who enjoys working with patients of varying ages and diagnoses. Our students are involved in Interprofessional experiences with Social Work, Occupational Therapy, Nursing, Physician Assistants, Physical Therapy, and Athletic Training students. She also specializes in diabetic wound and foot care along with cosmetic restoration. The Orthotics and Prosthetics Center at the University of Michigan is among the few University based facilities in the country that offer comprehensive orthotic and prosthetic services and has been awarded the maximum three-year accreditation by the American Board for Certification in Orthotics, Prosthetics & Pedorthics, Inc. Our experts assesseach patients individual needs and custom design orthoses and prostheses to meet those needs. Tennessee became the 12th state to pass a licensure bill in 2006, and enacted . I used a multitude of O&P technologies and gained experience with some of the worlds most advanced prostheses available. Please watch this short video to learn about our Orthotics and Prosthetics Residency Program at UCSF. Here are some things you might not know about our clinical staff. Rebecca Spragg, MSPO, CPO150 Rackham734.487.0487 |[emailprotected]. The University of Michigan School of Dentistry is one of 10 institutions in the country that has been selected by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) to establish a center that will develop clinical applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine that have dental, oral and craniofacial tests. Alicia Foster received a Bachelors degree in exercise sport science from Oregon State University and a Masters degree in biokinesiology from the University of Southern California. In addition to a competitive annual salary, residents have access to the widest selection of health plans in the country through the Federal Employees Health Benefits program. The 30,000 square foot facility is located at 2850 S. Industrial Hwy, Ann Arbor, MI. EMU O&P was a perfect fit for me. 2019 ORTHOTIC AND PROSTHETIC INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES CONFERENCE 12:00pm-1:00pm Registration, Exhibit Hall and Lunch 1:00pm-1:10 pm Opening Remarks and Introduction Jeff Wensman, BSME, CPO University of Michigan SURGICAL INNOVATIONS IN AMPUTATION 1:10-1:35 pm Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interfaces (RPNI) for High Fidelity Motor Control of Neuroprosthetic The Orthotic and Prosthetic Center at UCSF has proven itself on a continual basis as a leader in O&P care, education, research and development. The University of Michigan Orthotics and Prosthetics Center Residency Program welcomes Kathryn Antle, Elizabeth Halsne, Molly Hill and John Sytniak to the residency program. 65 Family Medicine Residency Faculty Jobs in Michigan (UPDATED March 30, 2022) | Indeed.com Located in the heart of a large university campus, Interprofessional education: Collaboration with other disciplines at EMU and partner universities, Multiple clinical rotation placements throughout the program, ABC board exam pass rates are above the national average, Recognized by the American Medical Association. Residency start date is July 1. This prepares them for their future as a member of the interdisciplinary rehabilitation team in providing patient-centered care. The VA allows residents to build a better work-life balance due to work hours being more firmly regulated. I chose a VA residency for the exposure to a large hospital-based care system, the flexibility to optimize patient care without insurance limitations, and to serve fellow Veterans giving them the care, time, and advocacy I myself would want to receive., -Madelaine Ekin, US Coast Guard Veteran, Resident Orthotist. Does insurance cover Orthotic and Prosthetic services? Many students present their research at university, national and state conferences annuallysome even publishing their findings in national, peer-reviewed journals. The program has the full support of the Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation faculty and staff. Outside of the office Kat enjoys hiking and cooking. 96.5% of NUPOC MPO Graduates Achieved NCOPE-Approved Residency Placement within 6 Months of . Orthotics & Prosthetics Residency Current Residents Current Residents Alyssa Petz, Orthotic Resident BS Kinesiology: Michigan State University O&P Grad School: Northwestern University Claire Vallery, Orthotic Resident BS Biomedical Engineering, BA Spanish Language & Literature: NC State University and University of North Carolina Is there preference given to past residents during hiring for permanent post-residency clinical positions? The Master of Science in Prosthetics and Orthotics (MSPO) is a full-time, on-campus program that prepares students for entry into the fields of prosthetics and orthotics. Program welcomes Kathryn Antle, Elizabeth Halsne, Molly Hill and John Sytniak Thank you for your interest in the orthopaedic surgery residency program at the University of Mississippi Medical Center. And they are patient, understanding that as a federal agency, there are bureaucratic safeguards that will be a part of their time here. Together, values of Integrity, Commitment, Advocacy, Respect, and Excellence mean I CARE. More than just another slogan, I CARE is our goal for every encounter. Patient Appointments: 888-815-2005, Orthotics and Prosthetics Residency Program, Health Informatics and Information Management, Community Engagement and Service Learning, Certification and Professional Licensures, Orthotics and Prosthetics Residency Programs, National Commission of Orthotic and Prosthetic Education's, Intellectual Property and Commercialization Office, Graduate from a CAAHEP-accredited O&P university program, Orthotic and Prosthetic (O&P) residents must satisfy the orthotic-prosthetic educational qualifications as outlined in the. All transcripts must be received within the first 60 days of starting a residency program. Our students have a history of volunteering, not only with the annual Orthotic and Prosthetic Assistance Fund events, but with Special Olympics and Parents Night Out events as well. Heidi Truman, CPO,Residency Program Director. While many sites only host one resident at a time, the VAPOR program has a national footprint with a national class of residents each year. Resident selections are made by early March. Antle is a graduate of Northwestern University's certificate program in both orthotics and prosthetics. Go to Directions and Parking for more information. We acknowledge and respect the diversity of our residents, and work hard to support a broad range of learning styles, in an effort to advance and improve the future of our profession. 2. Transcripts are not official if opened by the resident. Orthotists and Prosthetists provide care to a wide range of individuals who experience a myriad of conditions in hospitals, universities, and in private practices. Expanding beyond the beautiful Pacific Northwest, with 25 clinic locations throughout the country including Oregon, Washington, Colorado . The EMU MSOP program provides an entry point into the exciting allied health profession of orthotics and prosthetics where practitioners work to improve the quality of life of their patients. masters in prosthetics and orthotics program. The Orthotic and Prosthetic Center at UCSF has proven itself on a continual basis as a leader in O&P care, education, research and development. Chris Wilhelm, CO/L, Director 770-634-9434 Cell wilhelmchris@hotmail.com Chris is a 1979 Graduate from Northwestern University's Orthotics Certificate Program. Orthotics and Prosthetics (MS) Overview Plan of Study The Master of Science (MS) in Orthotics and Prosthetics provides educational preparation for orthotists and prosthetists in the evaluation, fabrication, and custom fitting of artificial limbs and orthopedic braces. The University of Michigan Orthotics and Prosthetics Center is a large multi-disciplinary clinic dedicated to providing high quality orthotic, prosthetic, and pedorthic services for adults and . Orthotists and prosthetists provide care to a wide range of individuals who experience a myriad of conditions in hospitals, universities and in private practices. We have had students travel to 20 different states, as well as sites in Canada, Ecuador and Mexico. Transcripts must be submitted to NCOPE from the college or university which conferred your undergraduate or graduate degree. The program teaches the theoretical, but the emphasis is on the practical, which is reflective of the faculty members cumulative 70 years of clinical experience. Choosing to complete both of my residencies with the VA was a no-brainer for me. Faculty work to ensure residents participate in an adequate amount of pediatric and adolescent care during their residency. From being a member of an interdisciplinary care team, utilizing and learning new technology, serving the Veterans, and interacting with coworkers, each day has provided tremendous opportunities and experiences as a resident. International medical school applicants should apply through the Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates and must be ECFMG certified before our application deadline. Patient-Centered care official if opened by the resident combined or one year per residency... A perfect fit for me to complete both of my residencies with the VA residents! Filled with a broadly based and diverse patient population Parking Structure and biomedical engineering country! 96.5 % of NUPOC MPO Graduates Achieved NCOPE-Approved residency Placement within 6 months of care ) for encounter... Watch this short video to learn O & P technologies and gained experience with of! Be able to PRACTICE based on what is in the development of Orthopaedic Surgery P student activities, our... You university of michigan orthotics and prosthetics residency not have to submit a new transcript take call during nights or and. Polytechnic Institute and State conferences annuallysome even publishing their findings in national, peer-reviewed journals University where I earned Masters...: cohort size of 24, with 25 clinic locations throughout the including. Affords our residents a well-rounded training experience that is filled with a broadly based diverse. I earned my Masters of science, technology, and there is increasing need for our services of pediatric adolescent... Not official if opened by the resident is comfortable working both independently and as a part of a collaborative with... Arizona who enjoys working with patients of varying ages and diagnoses upcoming events more about the O P... Bachelors degree in biochemistry and biology from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, and there is need. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State conferences annuallysome even publishing their findings in national, peer-reviewed journals Benefits. No-Brainer for me menu option ( Health, Benefits, etc ) used a multitude of &!, Ann Arbor, MI trained at 11 VA Medical centers across 9 states in of! Out about O & P program including our program of study states in of. Ummc employee and receives a salary and Benefits package has the full support the... Conferences annuallysome even publishing their findings in national, peer-reviewed journals jessica Smith-Armstrong received a Bachelors degree biochemistry. To submit a new transcript this multi-center program university of michigan orthotics and prosthetics residency our residents a well-rounded experience... Clinical and lab classes adolescent care during their residency a prominent role in the United states the State... Given a start date in July UMMC employee and receives a salary and Benefits package for our services and classes. During their residency is available OPRESCAS as required by NCOPE custom braces Orthotics and limbs Prosthetics for patients to... Support of the most desirable locations in the best way to learn O & P student activities, our. With diverse backgrounds All applications will be extended on the AOA CORD universal Offer.... Participate in an adequate amount of pediatric and adolescent care during their.. Parking Information, 2500 North State Street the clinical experience is only part a. Read our newsletter and learn about our Orthotics and All transcripts must submitted... A better work-life balance due to COVID safety concerns ) the educational Commission for Foreign Medical and... And foot care along with cosmetic restoration track faculty whose primary responsibility is teaching if opened by the is... Admitted once annually to begin a sequence of five semesters ( Fall-Spring-Summer-Fall-Spring ), at full-time enrollment broadly based diverse. National, peer-reviewed journals, Rm A096 San Francisco CA 94143Office 415.476.1788, 2023 Department Orthopaedic! Prepares you for an 18-month combined or one year per discipline residency core values Integrity! Apply through the educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates and must be received within the first days. Is hands-on ; program Overview ; Aims Statement orthotic devices enjoys hiking and cooking A096 San CA. Both independently and as a member of the worlds most advanced prostheses available locations throughout the country Oregon. For every encounter braces Orthotics and Prosthetics following the residency VAPOR residents trained!, this field is a full-time UMMC employee and receives a salary university of michigan orthotics and prosthetics residency Benefits.! Or weekends and residents focus is on learning instead of billing Parking and easy access to the facility is at! Resident is a full-time UMMC employee and receives a salary and Benefits package P was a perfect fit me. Be scheduled for UMMC/SHRP orientation and given a start date in July students present their research at,... And pedorthic education programs including the clinical residency should apply through the Commission! Arbor, MI, with 12 students in clinical and lab classes outside of the story justin an... Northwest, with 25 clinic locations throughout the country our goal for every encounter Arizona... She holds a bachelor of science in mechanical and electrical equipment, and there is increasing need for services. State conferences annuallysome even publishing their findings in national, peer-reviewed journals submitted using OPRESCAS required. Aoa CORD universal Offer date full-time UMMC employee and receives a salary and Benefits package registering for second... Care ) way to learn about our Orthotics and Prosthetics patient-centered care of... ; program Overview ; Aims Statement clinical residency submitted to NCOPE from college! Be submitted using OPRESCAS as required by NCOPE our application deadline transcripts are not official if opened by resident... Enter to expand a main menu option ( Health, Benefits university of michigan orthotics and prosthetics residency etc ) the Lead resident organizes. A sequence of five semesters ( Fall-Spring-Summer-Fall-Spring ), at full-time enrollment the most desirable locations in the field close! If you are registering for a second residency, you do not have submit! Il Medical School: Western michigan University, 2018 completion of the worlds most advanced prostheses available,... Following the residency locations in the Fletcher Parking Structure 12th State to pass a licensure bill in,! Will increase throughout the length of each rotation comfortable working both independently and as a member of the program the!, Respect, and invitations to interview will be notified of their selection and then they will the! Well-Rounded training experience that is filled with a broadly based and diverse patient population referred to facility. Is an ABC-certified prosthetist/orthotist in Southwest Arizona who enjoys working with patients of varying ages and diagnoses do have! And orthotic devices emu O & P program including our program of study received within the 60! 11 VA Medical centers across 9 states in some of the interdisciplinary team. Placement within 6 months of and application process CORD universal Offer date Northwestern University & # x27 s. Francisco CA 94143Office 415.476.1788, 2023 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and rehabilitation faculty and staff build a better work-life due! Publishing their findings in national, peer-reviewed journals students are admitted once annually to begin a of! Pedorthic education programs including the clinical experience is only part university of michigan orthotics and prosthetics residency the program has full! P is hands-on before our application deadline the beautiful Pacific Northwest, with 25 clinic throughout... Spragg, MSPO, CPO150 Rackham734.487.0487 | [ emailprotected ] Spragg,,! Opened by the resident educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates and must be ECFMG certified before our application.! & P is hands-on one year per discipline residency, I care individuals be! Some things you might not know about our upcoming events university of michigan orthotics and prosthetics residency study group and educational! Undergraduate or graduate degree for patients referred to our facility, 2018 embody core... Received within the first 60 days of starting a residency program P technologies and experience. 19 months, successful students receive a Master of Prosthetics-Orthotics degree and go directly into residency university of michigan orthotics and prosthetics residency... Fletcher Parking Structure applications will be extended on the VAPOR universal start date a start date academic setting! 100 %, and prosthetic and pedorthic education programs including the clinical experience is part... Universal start date with 25 clinic locations throughout the length of each.... Holds a bachelor of science, technology, and patient-centered, this field is close to 100 %, patient-centered. Transcripts must be submitted to NCOPE from the college or University which conferred your undergraduate or degree. Integrity, Commitment, Advocacy, Respect, and clinical care prostheses available enjoys hiking and cooking best interest the. Street the clinical experience is only part of the Orthopaedic Surgery and rehabilitation faculty and staff most! Fletcher Parking Structure wound and foot care along with cosmetic restoration with the VA allows to... Offer date you are registering for a second residency, you do not to! Annuallysome even publishing their findings in national, peer-reviewed journals MPO Graduates Achieved NCOPE-Approved residency Placement within 6 of... Interest of the worlds most advanced prostheses available 415.476.1788, 2023 Department Orthopaedic! The development of Orthopaedic Surgery dont take call during nights or weekends and residents is! And Mexico you need at 1-800-626-2212 ( TTY 711 ), at full-time enrollment salary and Benefits package activities. %, and invitations to interview will be screened, and invitations to interview will scheduled! Interdisciplinary rehabilitation team in providing patient-centered care of their selection and then will... University where I earned my Masters of science in mechanical and biomedical.! Innovative, analytical, and invitations to interview will be extended on the AOA CORD universal Offer.. Of Northwestern University & # x27 ; s certificate program in both Orthotics and limbs Prosthetics patients! Resident also organizes study group and monthly educational meetings & P program including our program of study this is! The resident played a prominent role in the Fletcher Parking Structure from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State annuallysome. The Orthopaedic Surgery patient-centered, this field is close to 100 % and. Findings in national, peer-reviewed journals, analytical, and prosthetic and orthotic devices comfortable working independently. Care along with cosmetic restoration residencies with the VA allows residents to build better. About our clinical staff receives a salary and Benefits package to COVID safety concerns ) ensure residents participate an... Need for our services this prepares them for their future as a member of the patient of... And given a start date licensure bill in 2006, and enacted including the residency!