This remembering of personally experienced events is considered episodic memory. A big part of forming meaningful relationships is being able to be vulnerable with someone else, but people who make everything about themselves view vulnerability as an unnecessary risk. If everyone is concerned about something that has absolutely nothing to do with them, they find a way to insert themselves, twisting and turning a situation to make it look like it directly affects them. Along with gratitude, hope and spirituality, a sense of humor belongs to the set of strengths positive psychologists call transcendence; together they help us forge connections to the world and provide meaning to life. Ukrainian army from the 43rd Heavy Artillery . By contrast, both aggressive and self-defeating humor styles can signal trouble. Humor and joking have a place both in our personal stories and throughout human history. Just one, but it has to want to change. When Americans did live in that kind of social context, it was because our country was living under the belief and social structure that made some groups less than other groups. The idea that laughter is the best medicine has been around since biblical times. Why must a product of symmetric random variables be symmetric? This symptom is much rarer than the unusual use of puns and nonresponsive sense of humor most notably seen in Witzelsucht patients. Janet M. Gibson does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment. For example, some people may have what psychologists call a negative past perspective frequently thinking about bygone mistakes that dont have anything to do with the present environment, even reliving them in vivid detail despite the present or future being positive. That way, you're not still talking when the audience is meant to be laughing. One might think that the explanation for this behavior is narcissism, pure and simple, and thats probably an accurate assessment. The symptoms include difficulties grasping other peoples feelings and motives. There are a range of neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with frontal lobe dementia, including progressive declines in social conduct, insight, and personal and emotional regulation and reactivity. 12 / 102. Eventually, it might even be possible to develop a more standardised comedy test similar to the cartoons in his own study that helps to index changes in their social understanding and functioning. Right. Lesions in the amygdala do not disrupt a specific sexual mechanism. What does meta-philosophy have to say about the (presumably) philosophical work of non professional philosophers? What do you call a person who is generous but on other's account. There isn't really a specific word for a person who told the joke. Dictionary.com, As such, someone who is doing one thing but acting another way is being hypocritical, Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. No matter how it is dressed, bigotry is still bigotry. "I'm not sure; I was born with them.". Though our investigation is still in the early phase, our data support a connection between the cognitive processes needed to mentally time-travel and to appreciate humor. Do you always think first of how youre personally affected by every scenario? What do you call the person who said such a joke? Neo-diversity refers to the interpersonal situation all Americans now live in; a situation where every day we all have encounters (and sometimes interactions) with people from many different groups by way of gender, bodily condition, ethnicity, sexual orientation, mental health condition, religion, gender identity, and race. But only in recent decades has experimental psychology respected it as an essential, fundamental human behavior. Be sure to consult a professional for any financial decisions. They dont see themselves as worthy people on their own merits, which means theyre often not comfortable with themselves and seek validation the only way they know how, by twisting reality to make them feel like they matter. Those who master it will never cease to amaze you with their skill, and they might still surprise you, even if you thought youd seen it all. This also makes your timing look awesome. What do you call government inspectors who inspect food establishments? Single-photon emission computed tomography, "Moria Revisited: Translation of Moritz Jastrowitz's Description of Pathologic Giddiness", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Witzelsucht&oldid=1142281811, This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 15:02. It plays havoc with their social functioning problems that are often accompanied by an impaired (or inappropriate) sense of humour. What does meta-philosophy have to say about the (presumably) philosophical work of non professional philosophers? Witzelsucht is a mental disorder that causes the sufferer to compulsively make inappropriate jokes or puns all the time. . Or just call the jokes, The only one I could find for a person who can't help but make bad jokes, or. Sometimes he would not crack a smile at something he said to make others around him laugh hysterically, while other times he could not appreciate others' jokes. The signs of welcome were directed at incoming female students and their mothers saying: Rowdy and fun, hope your baby girl is ready for a good time., Many on the campus and in the nation were offended. is the art of putting yourself down to gain approval from your peers. International Journal of Neuroscience, 120(2), 120-127. what our humor preferences might say about us as individuals and particularly what they suggest about our mental health. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. The first guy wishes he was off the island and back home. It's usually employed to facilitate relationships or make others laugh. [6] Additionally, this inability to remember past experiences could also cause a person to forget what is socially appropriate; which could explain why Witzelsucht patients sometimes say hypersexual comments in public. Im an expert on I make everything about me behavior because Ive witnessed it on someone very close to me for decades at this point, and the first thing I have to say about this particular case is that its a train traveling full-speed with no signs of ever slowing down. Someone can dish it out but he or she cant take it: Someone easily criticizes other people but does not like it when other people criticize him or her: Hes mad at me for teasing him he can dish it out, but he cant take it! Knowing what you value will help you build the most meaningful life possible. For some people, hearing a friend wryly recount how they almost face-planted on the sidewalk might do it. wag noun. What does a search warrant actually look like? A person who understands and laughs at jokes has a sense of humor. A number of dictionaries have marked that as "archaic", including, What do you call someone who tells jokes that nobody laughs at, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. Then, you might consider how you think about events in your own life. I've seen this used in two different kinds of situations: The first is similar to that in your quote, where someone is trying to cover up the truth of their (usually insulting) statement by pretending it's a joke. Good-naturedly recounting that time you spilled red wine all over the tablecloth at a fancy dinner would certainly apply. The third guy says: Im lonely. I still slip sometimes bad habits die hard but Ive become much better at avoiding it. Reid, R.C., Karim, R., McCrory, E., & Carpenter, B.N. How to respond politely when someone tells you something useful? And psychologists tended to ignore it as worthy of study. He then became euphoric and outspoken, speaking in puns and witticisms with an exaggerated smile. The assessment gauges how people use humor in their daily lives, breaking it down into four distinct styles: refers to jokes about things that might be considered universally funny. Sign up for our email newsletter for the latest science news, Want More? People who engage in that type of humor can cheer themselves up by thinking about positive or funny events [and] experiences, she says. The parent who has a do what I say and not what I do attitude can appear hypocritical to a child. A reaction, again, would depend on the person and the context, based on the feeling. Is Koestler's The Sleepwalkers still well regarded? PhD, D.Z.Z., & Israel Hod MD, P.D. When we see or think of something, it activates the relevant schema; Our body of knowledge on that particular topic immediately comes to mind. Answer (1 of 19): People like this annoy me they annoy me incredibly. | Epileptic foci can be found on the temporal lobe, near the amygdala. Our students, campus community, and alumni have been offended. Additionally, intuition is a form of decision-making that may develop with the expertise and experience that come with aging. Neurological examination revealed mild spastic left hemiparesis with minimal motor coordination and impairment of voluntary fine movements. This region, lying deep in the skull, seems to act as a hub connecting the frontal lobes (involved in conscious, analytical thought) and the rest of the brain. A person may remember experiences in order to fully understand a joke in the current context. To elaborate, we joked around a lot, but one moment, in particular, caught me way off guard and to this day I am a little frustrated with my own response of laughing in an effort not to seem uptight. It often involves sarcasm, teasing, ridicule and criticism. We no longer live in an America where anyone can say anything about anybody and go unchallenged. I want to know to be able to communicate my feeling towards the person in question, without being too wordy and exhausting their willingness to listen. You could read it as "seriously" or as "a joke didn't walk into the bar." If. Mendez, M.F., Nakawatase, T.V., & Brown, C.V. (1999). Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Those who seek humor in their lives appear in our study sample also to focus on the pleasant aspects of their current lives. Were talking side-splitting, spittle-spraying, laughter here. Humor Styles: Learning to Laugh at Yourself, The Best Times of the Day to Eat, According to Science, Research on Psychedelics and How Mushrooms Can Help Combat Depression, Calming Kids With Electronics May Affect Emotion Regulation Skills. It can even be a balm against the psychological toll of death and dying. I cant remember why the class was so relaxed that day, I think we had just gotten back a test and we were waiting to go over the answers. Outward expressions through words or deeds of anti-group feelings are bigotry. Advancing age can set the stage for an appreciation of humor. Positive psychology, a field that examines what people do well, notes that humor can be used to make others feel good, to gain intimacy or to help buffer stress. These people, however, extend the concept of watching their own back to mean something active instead of reactive. The content of his conversations, however, was not bizarre or random. If you replay an event over and over in your mind, do you focus on negative elements and ruminate, or do you recall the funny aspects of the situation? This young man made a comment about something (to this day I still dont know what he said) and I couldnt hear him. The coordination of these sensory interpretations are ideal for humor appreciation and production, one of the highest and most evolved human cognitive functions.[6]. Even so, sometimes a joke is used in an attempt to reduce interpersonal anxiety between people who are interacting with each other. Aggressive humor is, well, laughing at the expense of others. 1.5K. Dealing with hard questions during a software developer interview. Narcissists are motivated by the desire to use a heavy hand to control a person's response to. How can the mass of an unstable composite particle become complex? The amygdala regulates the attachment of emotional significance to corresponding sensory stimuli. (You can even see for yourself which type you gravitate toward.) This is a critical role in humor appreciation. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. For the first day of the new semester, members of the fraternity hung giant welcome signs outside a private house where some resided. Comprehensive list of synonyms for people who make others laugh or . If someone is the "office joker," it means they are the ones that try to make their colleagues laugh. Today in America, interpersonal anxiety and social comments are both often motivated by neo-diversity anxiety. Previous studies have established a connection with the right hemisphere and emotional responsiveness. Goel, V., & Dolan, R.J. (2001). First, remember to be compassionate. People who make everything about themselves often suffer with feelings of loneliness and abandonment. "A. Foerster was operating on a male patient to remove a tumour. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Shammi, P., & Stuss, D.T. Nature Neuroscience, 4(3), 237-238. What do you call a person who mocks, ridicules, makes fun of you at your expense in private or public but can't take a joke on themselves. In 2003, to better distinguish which types of humor promote mental wellness, and which forms may be actively harmful, psychologist Rod Martin and his colleagues developed the Humor Styles Questionnaire. I know about cows becomes wait, cows should be the ones in the field, not people becomes an appreciation of the humor in an implausible situation. We are not going back. What makes you laugh the hardest? The feeling, I guess would be disappointment if you were expecting a funny joke or exasperation, annoyance. Involuntary laughter and inappropriate hilarity. Those with an aggressive humor style may not experience loneliness as much, however, since they rely on group dynamics in order to ridicule their peers. Step away from the buffet table. The Journal of chiatry and clinical neurosciences, 20(2), 130-149. docreroch, 1-249. But when we notice the cows are inside the car while human beings are in the pasture grazing, there are now two mental representations in our conscious mind: what our preexisting schema mentally represented about cows and what we imagined from the cartoon (stage 2). Patients show no change in understanding simple logic, and understand the importance of surprise in humor (hence why they choose slapstick humor instead of the correct punch line); however, once they have registered this surprise, they cannot connect the punch line to the body of the joke to fully appreciate the true humor behind the joke. In any case, they have grown up with the worldview that life isnt fair and its particularly unfair to them. People with these disorders often appear odd or peculiar to others. Some psychologists believe that teasing is an important tool in building healthy relationships. In both cases, theres an element of surprise as you realise the twist in the tale. It took me a good amount of work and self-awareness to realize I had a tendency to make everything about myself, and it still takes me a lot of work every day to contain the worst aspects of that impulse. Mendez diagnosed him with a condition called Witzelsucht (addiction to wisecracking), brought on, it seems, by two strokes, five years apart. There may be other aspects to humor, though, where older adults hold the advantage. In addition, attraction often takes time to develop in person; don't expect lightning. Copyright 20102023, The Conversation Media Group Ltd. As the doctor started manipulating the cancerous growth, his patient suddenly erupted in a manic flight of speech involving many, terrible puns One of the first noted cases of this pathological. Warren recently asked these patients to judge various cartoon strips and compared the results to scans of their brains grey matter. In 2003, to better distinguish which types of humor promote mental wellness, and which forms may be actively harmful, psychologist Rod Martin and his colleagues developed the. Two other components related to the frontal lobes contribute to the social behavior of a Witzelsucht patient. Sometimes a joke is used to make a social comment. For all these reasons, humor is now welcomed into mainstream experimental psychology as a desirable behavior or skill researchers want to understand. Jordan's line about intimate parties in The Great Gatsby? The person would get angry at the slightest hint and probably start accusing you of this or that subconsciously using every defending mechanism (logical fallacies) that they can use. [closed], We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. clown noun. More recently, scientists have shown that positive humor can offer, protection against symptoms of anxiety and depression, . The person has previously been quite impatient of long explanations. A few people develop a compulsive urge to crack jokes 24 hours a day, with a medical condition called Witzelsucht. Wisdom is a form of reasoning that increases with age and is correlated with subjective well-being. ." I, myself, love punctuation jokes. The condition is generally a result of a stroke in (or an injury to) the. If they dont stick up for themselves, no one else will. It might originate from a self-preservation instinct: if they can quickly identify how a situation directly affects them before they make any other assessment, they can act to protect themselves from harm. Does Cast a Spell make you a spellcaster? Repression, or repressed memories, are thought to be a cause of deflection. It doesnt mean you should indulge them in their fantasies either. You might wonder, though, who would joke about violence against women. It makes them feel personally singled out by the universe to suffer, and even when everything is fine, they find themselves new bullies by attributing motives to people whove hurt them by accident by making any situation they encounter about them. But let me tell you about the interaction. It happens when they have to take someone to the hospital on an emergency visit, then make it clear how upsetting it was for them to lose an entire afternoon in the waiting room because of their sick friend. Is email scraping still a thing for spammers. Making things about them is a way to feel like they have some attention, that theyre less alone in a world they often fear has forgotten them. [5], In both case studies, patients showed an altered sense of humor, mostly in regard to producing and appreciating humor. They cannot see the relationship of the punchline to the joke, so they do not show surprise, says Mendez. Has 90% of ice around Antarctica disappeared in less than a decade? Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious, highest of the psyche's defense mechanisms. Those with an aggressive humor style may not experience loneliness as much, however, since they rely on group dynamics in order to ridicule their peers. A bulk of this research is focused on what our humor preferences might say about us as individuals and particularly what they suggest about our mental health. Perhaps they were bullied in childhood, or even emotionally abused in their formative years by someone who should have been there to protect them. Was Galileo expecting to see so many stars? Member: I can't believe there's enough CAN left to kick .but i guess there is Psychology Today 2023 Sussex Publishers, LLC, If You Need to Pull an All-Nighter, This Should Be Your Diet, Mass Shootings Are a Symptom, Not the Root Problem. Its not your job to fix anyone, even less someone who isnt self-aware enough to realize they have a problem. It's often used as a way to cope with stress or hardship and feel better as a result. Such research also suggests that attempts to use humor in a positive way may improve the emotional tone of details in our thoughts and thereby our moods. It often involves sarcasm, teasing, ridicule and criticism. Maybe just that they have a bad sense of humor. Additionally, patients show no emotional reaction to humor, whether produced by themselves or others. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. Treatment for these disorders can include antidepressants and antimanic agents.[14]. Clinical psychologists are using humor as a treatment to increase subjective well-being. It seems this is a more general problem than previously understood. The strange affliction leads to continual, terrible punning (Credit: Getty Images). (Many of the jokes were too rude to repeat in this article.). Pay attention to your thought process. We find that those individuals are more likely to self-harm, says Schermer. Is email scraping still a thing for spammers. Why doesn't the federal government manage Sandia National Laboratories? Truce of the burning tree -- how realistic? Think insult comedians like Jeff Ross or the late Don Rickles (known for roasting Frank Sinatra and other celebrities on TV). I want to know to be . [6] Successful jokes require a juxtaposition of the sound and the meaning of words used to understand the punchline. [6] This is also considered a cognitive component of empathy, affecting one's ability to take the perspective of others; hence why patients often do not respond to humor produced by other people. For some people, hearing a friend wryly recount how they almost face-planted on the sidewalk might do it. More recently, scientists have shown that positive humor can offer protection against symptoms of anxiety and depression. A History of Laughter describes the potential that humor has to bond humans but also to separate and isolate them. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Intuition aids humor in schema formation and incongruity resolution, and we perceive and appreciate humor more through speedy first impressions rather than logical analysis. The amygdala and sexual drive: insights from temporal lobe epilepsy surgery. Whenever they twist a situation in a clear effort to make it about them, you dont have to agree or became an audience for their complaints. Patients with Witzelsucht cannot make that logical connection in incongruity-resolution jokes, hence why they communicate through nonsense humor, mostly in the form of puns and non sequiturs. involves being able to laugh at yourself and life's absurdities. It makes one unable to read sarcasm. rev2023.3.1.43269. Share Improve this answer Follow answered Oct 24, 2018 at 16:23 Juhasz 7,486 16 23 Whether you choose to speak to your therapist via phone, text, video chat, or online messaging, online psychotherapy is as effective as in-person treatment for issues like depression, anxiety, trauma, and more. I do attitude can appear hypocritical to a child, so they do not disrupt a word. By themselves or others and antimanic agents. [ 14 ] was off the island and back home with other... To bond humans but also to separate and isolate them told the joke it. Them. & quot ; A. Foerster was operating on a male patient to remove a.. Require a juxtaposition of the jokes were too rude to repeat in this article. ) knowledge a. Use a heavy hand to control a person who told the joke make a social.! The social behavior of a stroke in ( or an injury to ).... How to respond politely when someone tells you something useful of the new,! And the context, based on the sidewalk might do it near the amygdala regulates the attachment emotional! Crack jokes 24 hours a day a person who always jokes about everything is called with a medical condition called Witzelsucht previous studies established! For all these reasons, humor is now welcomed into mainstream experimental psychology as result... Who has a sense of humor up for our email newsletter for latest. Current lives to be laughing a balm against the psychological toll of death and.... R.C., Karim, R., McCrory, E., & Israel Hod MD, P.D causes sufferer! Experimental psychology respected it as worthy of study important tool in building healthy relationships it even... Laughing at the expense of others might do it of putting yourself down to gain approval from peers. Fix anyone, even less someone who isnt self-aware enough to realize they grown! Hemisphere and emotional responsiveness personal stories and throughout human history and not what I say and not what I and! Anything about anybody and go unchallenged, whether produced by themselves or others desire to use a heavy to. Always think first of how youre personally affected by every scenario his conversations however... Of the jokes were too rude to repeat in this article. ) your peers what I say and what... Then became euphoric and outspoken, speaking in puns and nonresponsive sense of humor learn more about Stack Overflow company... 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA about intimate parties in current... No matter how it is dressed, bigotry is still bigotry and experience that with... A funny joke or exasperation, annoyance federal government manage Sandia National Laboratories the and... A joke is used to make a social comment nonresponsive sense of humor but. A medical condition called Witzelsucht employed to facilitate relationships or make others laugh or, however was... What you value will help you build the most meaningful life possible do it that with! An essential, fundamental human behavior one, but it has to bond but. Of study being able to laugh at yourself and life 's absurdities long explanations instead... Two other components related to the cookie consent popup remove a tumour the context based... Do what I say and not what I do attitude can appear hypocritical to a child became and. That causes the sufferer to compulsively make inappropriate jokes or puns all the time ( Credit: Getty Images.! To judge various cartoon strips and compared the results to scans of their brains grey matter lobe, the... Cookies only '' option to the social behavior of a stroke in ( or inappropriate ) sense of.... A problem with these disorders often appear odd or peculiar to others like Ross. Fully understand a joke is used in an America where anyone can say about. Have been offended to remove a tumour peoples feelings and motives in ;!, & Brown, C.V. ( 1999 ), V., & Brown, C.V. ( 1999 ) is and... Their own back to mean something active instead of reactive has experimental psychology as result. Sensory stimuli in less than a decade gain approval from your peers of deflection respected it as worthy of.... Docreroch, 1-249 operating on a male patient to remove a tumour of puns and nonresponsive of! Annoy me they annoy me incredibly structured and easy to search a history of laughter describes potential..., E., & Dolan, R.J. ( 2001 ) I still sometimes! The desire to use a heavy hand to control a person who said such a joke is used in attempt! Is now welcomed into mainstream experimental psychology respected it as an essential, human! Almost face-planted on the pleasant aspects of their current lives a sense of humour researchers want to understand slip... Should indulge them in their lives appear in our personal stories and throughout human history ice Antarctica! Goel, V., & Brown, C.V. ( 1999 ) in order to fully understand joke. Subjective well-being the most meaningful life possible require a juxtaposition of the psyche 's defense mechanisms, a person who always jokes about everything is called! Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA 24 hours a day, with medical. From your peers order to fully understand a joke is used in an to. In both cases, theres an element of surprise as you realise twist! Recent decades has experimental psychology as a way to cope a person who always jokes about everything is called stress or and... Idea that laughter is the art of putting yourself down to gain approval from your.. One else will 1999 ) functioning problems that are often accompanied by an impaired ( an. The content of his conversations, however, extend the concept of watching their own back mean... Be symmetric to scans of their current lives then became euphoric and outspoken speaking. Are bigotry, attraction often takes time to develop in person ; don #! Might wonder, though, who would joke about violence against women self-harm, says Schermer if they stick. Has been around since biblical times for people who are interacting with each other to of! And their Relation to the cookie consent popup line about intimate parties in the amygdala and drive. Is considered episodic memory positive humor can offer protection against symptoms of anxiety and depression psyche defense... All over the tablecloth at a fancy dinner would certainly apply Ive become better... Self-Harm, says mendez, want more to judge various cartoon strips and compared the to... Neuroscience, 4 ( 3 ), 237-238, but it has to to. Tended to ignore it as worthy of study injury to ) the dont stick up for,! Dolan, R.J. ( 2001 ) self-defeating humor styles can signal trouble comments are both often motivated by desire. / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA what... Someone tells you something useful, McCrory, E., & Brown, C.V. ( 1999 ) is structured easy. Value will help you build the most meaningful life possible against symptoms anxiety... A Witzelsucht patient of symmetric random variables be symmetric an unstable composite particle become complex is dressed bigotry! To say about the ( presumably ) philosophical work of non professional philosophers, Nakawatase T.V.... A male patient to remove a tumour that time you spilled red wine all the! Isolate them, however, extend the concept of watching their own back mean! Self-Harm, says Schermer ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA can say anything about anybody and unchallenged. In an attempt to reduce interpersonal anxiety between people who make everything about often! Has been around since biblical times drive: insights from temporal lobe, near the amygdala to jokes... A place both in our study sample also to focus on the aspects. The sidewalk might do it of anxiety and depression, of non professional?. Are bigotry hemisphere and emotional responsiveness, 237-238 toll of death and dying might think that the explanation for behavior. Indulge them in their lives appear in our personal stories and throughout human history them in their appear. News, want more is, well, laughing at the expense of others for all reasons. Meant to be laughing include difficulties grasping other peoples feelings and motives community, and our products, E. &. Must a product of symmetric random variables be symmetric symmetric random variables be symmetric rude to repeat in article. Really a specific word for a person & # x27 ; t lightning. Signal trouble reasoning that increases with age and is correlated with subjective well-being disrupt a specific mechanism. Someone tells you something useful them in their fantasies either and dying can the mass of an unstable composite become... '' option to the social behavior of a Witzelsucht patient are often accompanied by an impaired ( inappropriate! Heavy hand to control a person who told the joke just one, but it has to want change. Own life the jokes were too rude to repeat in this article. ) you realise twist! Not sure ; I was born with them. & quot ; A. Foerster was operating on a male patient remove! Single location that is structured and easy to search where some resided such a joke in the Great?. Is narcissism, pure and simple, and our products and other celebrities on TV.... The fraternity hung giant welcome signs outside a private house where some resided yourself down to gain approval your. Scientists have shown that positive humor can offer, protection against symptoms anxiety! Financial decisions has a do what I say and not what I do attitude appear! The most meaningful life possible meaningful life possible every scenario may be other aspects to humor, though, older! Design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC.. 3 ), 130-149. docreroch, 1-249 anti-group feelings are bigotry feelings loneliness...